Surgical syringe



April 19 1927 L. D. SMITH 'SURGICAL SYRINGE Filed May 25. 1925 I IIIIIII I llllll .llnlldfllill Patented Apr. 19, 1927.

51T A TES LEMUEL DSMITH, OF IVIILVV'A'UKEE, WISCONSIN.

SURGICAL SYRINGE.

n Application file dgMay 25, 1925. YSerial No. v322,599.

My invention relates to surgicalsyringes lin general and particularly tosurgical syrblood transfusion, and aspiration.

l ltisthe object o'limy invention. tojprovide a syringe for suc-h useswhich will be simple in construction and easily sterilized l whichvvwill create an even-How without variation in pressure andvvhich willhave a valve construction not liable 'tostoppage lt is further my objectvto provide a syringe with reversible vdischarge .and suctionelementspermitting l a ywide variety ot, uses. It is urtherymy object to`construct aA syringe which'may be .continuously used as required in somesurgical treatments ywithout the necessity of recharging.

The only type ofintiltration syringe now onthe market is dependent' on asuc-tion and apressure stroke for each injection and does not offeranywpossibility of continued .use suchfas. wouldfbe preferable inthetreatment of ak comparatively large area. offtissuewith novocainei orthe like. Further all infiltration syringes now vin use have smallvalves in the end ofthe syringe casing which fequentlyV stopv up andconseqnently subject the physician to innumerable delays andtheconsequent. risks tothefhealth of the patient.

The usual ltypenof aspirating syringe is dependent on the operation ofsmall valves to control the suction and discharge which clog up and havea tendency to cause baci; pressure on the reverse stroke with the risl;to the patient incident with such bach` pressure. For blood transfusionwork is exceedingly important that the operation be conducted quicklyand accurately and that the blood be t-ransfused before it coagulates.Heretofore the usual type of blood transfusion apparatus has eitherconsisted in apparatus requiring a treatment of the blood to preventcoagulation, because of the length of time required to operate theapparatus, or it has depended for its operation on the transfer ot' theblood from one cylinder to another or the manipula-ting of valve controlhandles.

ln a syringe made in accordance with my invention it is my object toprovide ease of operation. positiveness of action, and such evenregulation of pressures within the syringe that results in all of theaforementioned inges such as may be used. for infiltration,

treatments, hitherto impossible, may be accomplished,

Referring to thel drawings:

Figure l represents a side elevation of a preferred type of :syringe i iAFigure Qis a cross section longitudinally through'the syringeillustrated in Fi ure l.

, igure 3 is a detailvsection showing aball valve modilication of theconicall poppet valveconstruction. l 'l' Generally Aindicated at l isthe graduated cylinder forming the side-walls ot'lthelg'suetion andcompression chamber which ymay be made ovglass, as indicated ortm'etaldepending yon the particular requirements ot itsvuse. ik plunger rodQfwithia handle 3 moves longitudinally *through the cylinder. Eaclrendot the cylinderis provided with llanges l preferably ofnietal whichIare: se-

curedy to the glass byy compression or'ztlre usefot"cementitiousmaterial. "lheflange at the. plunger en'dyis providedwith approjecti ingpin 5 which engages a spiral slot 6in a cap which fits over rthe flangeand securesl to the cylinder the head member-S which lits within thecylinder and has. an integral sleeve 9 extended away from the,cylinder.`rllhis sleeve is machined preferably to a sliding lit aboutI thelplungerrod sothatithere will be no necessity ot providing apacliing boxwhich would be diiiicult to sterilize properly,

The plunger rod has a. piston head ll) secured to the end and it isdisposed within a sliding valve ll of equivalent diameter as that of theinner side of the cylinder. The valve has a ground `face l2 with whichthe piston head engages when the plunger is pulled back. The valve ishollow as indic-ated at 13 and a peripheral groove il in the end opposedto 'the piston engagement end is adapted to abuta spider l5 or otherprojection secured to the plunger rod.

A. modification illustrated in Figure S is preferable from the point ot`view oi manufacturing cost. In this modification the piston head l() issupported on the end of the rod 2 by curved spider arms l5 and a ball.15b retained between the spider and the piston head seats in aconcentric beveled face 15C in the piston head.

rlhe operation of the syringe Will be at once apparent. Pulling theplunger handle away from the cylinder will result in draw- (Ill ing inliquid into the cylinder through an opening in the bottom flange. Afterthe cylinder is filled a reverse stroke of the plunger handle willresult in the piston plunger moving inwardly enough to clear the openingin the valve, and the valve being forced down with the piston when thespider on the plunger rod abuts the groove in the valve. rllhe liquidwhich has thus been transferred 'from one side of the valve to the otherwill be discharged from the cylinder' through an aperture 17 in the headLenclosing the plunger end of the syringe.

rllhe operation otl the syringe` after the 'irst charge has been drawnin, may be carried on indelinitely and with the large aperture in thevalve it will further be apparent that there will be no tendency tocreate back pressure.

To reverse the action of the syringe all that is necessary is to use thetubes which are preferably attached to the ends ot the Aflanges inreversed position. A further modilication of the syringe illustrated isto provide a piston head which has instead ot a spider on the plungerside ot the valve a spider on the other side of the valve so that themovement oi.l the plunger into the cylinder will force liquid outthrough the aperture on the end opposite the plunger. This modilicationis preferable for some uses as the hand in moving the plunger inwardlyhas a tendency to move more evenly than when pulling out on the plungerand for uses requiring a very even discharge the latter arrangement isless subject to variation.

Various modification of structure will occur to those skilled in the artwithout departing from the constructive principle involved.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

l. ln a surgical syringe, a hollow cylinder and a plunger rod with meansfor retaining the plunger rod slidably within the cylinder anda hollowmember adapted to slide within the cylinder and to form aconipressiontight joint between its outer walls and the inner walls ofthe cylinder, and the rod adapted to retain the member and a valveelement adapted to form a compression tight oint with the member withmovement oi the rod in one direction, and to be retained with a loosejoint with n'iovement in the opposite direction with a valveless openingin one end of the cylinder adapted to act as an inlet suction and avalveless opening in the other end adapted to act as a discharge fromthe cylinder.

2. ln a surgical syringe, a hollow cylinder and a plunger rod with meansfor retaining the plunger rod slidably Within the cylinder, and a hollowmember adapted to slide within the cylinder and to form a compressiontight joint between its outer walls and the inner walls ot the cylinder,a valve element, and the rod adapted to seat said element against themember with movement of a rod in one direction, and tocarry the elementwith a loose joint with movement in the opposite direction, with avalveless opening in one end of the cylinder adapted to act as aninletsuction and a valveless opening in the other end adapted to act asa discharge from the cylinder and one of the ends ot' the cylinderadapted to be removably connected whereby the plunger rod and the valvemay be withdrawn from the cylinder.

LEMUEL D. SMITH.

